The Three Functions of Christ
There are three functions to His office and these have always been recognized and taught. He is Prophet, Priest, and King.
Do not try and divide Him up into these different roles, remember He is one person. We cannot divide Him into one of the offices because He is present in the other two at the same time.
He is a priestly Prophet, a royal Prophet, a prophetic Priest and a royal Priest, a prophetic King and a priestly King.
We see at once why it is necessary for Him to assume the three functions.
We need a prophet because we need to be delivered and saved from the ignorance and the Penalty of Sin. When we considered the doctrine of The Fall and it’s consequences we saw that men and women had been
left in a state of ignorance. We needed someone to come along and declare…”Here is the way, walk in it.”
But we also need to be delivered from the guilt and Pollution of Sin. So, we need a priest; because of the guilt of sin we need someone who can appear on our behalf in the presence of God. Therefore, Christ has to assume the function of Priest.
And then, of course, we have to be delivered from the dominion, the Power of Sin.
Colossians 1:13 ESV
(13) He has delivered us from the domain of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of his beloved Son,
He does that only as He assumes the function of King, with power and authority. Only as King can He set us free and place us in the kingdom over which He rules and of which we have become citizens.
A simple summary of this is as follows:
· Christ as Prophet, represents God with us; He speaks for God and from God to us.
· But as Priest, He speaks for us to God. He represents us with God, and that is equally necessary.
· Then as King He is the representative head of the new humanity.